New York, a state in the Middle Atlantic region of the United States. It is bordered by the Canadian provinces of Ontario and also Québec on the north and by Lake Ontario and Lake Erie on the northwest and west. Pennsylvania lies west and also south of New York, and New Jersey as well as the Atlantic Ocean lie to the south. Within the east the state is bordered by Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Vermont. Albany is the capital of New York. New York, often called New York City, is the largest city.
New York has long been a leader in the political, cultural, and economic life of the United States. It's been named the Empire State since before 1800, a reference to its prosperity and variety of resources and probably based on a comment, attributed to George Washington, which believed that New York would likely become the seat of the new empire. Although New York City is the largest city in the country, most of New York is still rural.
New York is also full of history, extending to when Native Americans first occupied its shores and river valleys. The state was named around the 1660s for the duke of York, after James II of England, though numerous place names are from the time when the region was a Dutch colony called New Netherland. New York entered the Union on July 26, 1788, as the 11th of the original 13 states. New York City was the first capital of the United States. The Erie Canal, now incorporated into the New York State Barge Canal system, set the pattern of commerce early in U.S. history. The Statue of Liberty, in New York Harbor, was the first vision of America seen by countless immigrants arriving at New York City. The United Nations, whose headquarters are situated on Manhattan Island, works towards a future more relaxing compared to the past. New York City is the most populous city and also a leading port of the United States. New York City is located in southeastern New York State, within the Hudson River and the East River and New York Bay (an arm of the Atlantic Ocean).
Among the world's top commercial, financial, and cultural centers, New York City is subdivided into five boroughs that are coextensive with five counties of New York State. In descending order of area, the boroughs are Queens (Queens County), Brooklyn (Kings County), Staten Island (Richmond County), the Bronx (Bronx County), and Manhattan (New York County). Almost all of the Bronx is located on the mainland; however the other boroughs are found on, or even comprise, islands: Brooklyn and Queens are located on the western end of Long Island, Staten Island includes an entire island, and Manhattan is largely composed of Manhattan Island, but also contains a small exclave on the Bronx mainland. The city's boroughs consist of several small islands, of which Roosevelt Island, in the East River, and City Island, in Long Island Sound, have substantial populations. In all of the, New York City comprises a few 50 islands. In postal addresses, "New York, New York" is synonymous with "Manhattan."
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