Carlisle (England) is a city and administrative center of Cumbria, northern England, on the Eden River. The city, established in 1974, includes the former county borough of Carlisle and a rolling rural area adjacent to the border of Scotland. The town of Carlisle is an important transportation center with manufactures including textiles and food products. It also serves as a market for the nearby agricultural region and it is the site of essential livestock auctions. Places of historical interest consist of Hadrian's Wall into the north of the town as well as the remains of the medieval Carlisle Castle. One of the primary structures include the Carlisle Cathedral and Tullie House (1689), containing a museum and art gallery.
On the site of present-day Carlisle was the ancient Roman defense post of Luguvalium and also the later British settlement of Caer Luel. Carlisle Castle, constructed in 1092, became a strategic English bulwark throughout the wars with the Scots in the following centuries. Over the Middle Ages Carlisle was a booming commercial and handicraft center. The modern textile industry dates in the late 18th century, and through the 19th century the city turned a major railroad center. Until 1974 Carlisle was the county town of the former county of Cumberland.
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